Republica Bolivariana
de Venezuela
Ministerio de la
Defensa
Universidad Nacional
Experimental Politécnica de la Fuerza Armada
Básico de Ingeniería
Inglés I
Licda. Julie Landaez
Present Perfect- Presente Perfecto
El presente perfecto no resulta fácil de entender para
los aprendices de una segunda lengua. Es una combinación del pasado y presente.
Una acción del pasado tiene algo que ver con el presente.
1) Resultado de una acción en el pasado que es importante en le presente (No es importante cuando esta acción sucedió.)
I have cleaned
my room. (It is clean
now.)
Has Peggy ever been to Tokyo? (Has Peggy been there or not?)
Has Peggy ever been to Tokyo? (Has Peggy been there or not?)
2) Acciones completadas recientemente
He has just played
handball. (It is over
now.)
3) Acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y todavía continúan - mayormente con since (punto en el tiempo) o for (periodo de tiempo)
We have lived
in Canada since 1986. (We still live there.)
We have lived
in Canada for 20 years.
4) Acompañado con lately, recently, yet
I have been to London
recently. (no specific
point of time)
He has not written the e-mail yet. (He has not done it.)
He has not written the e-mail yet. (He has not done it.)
Palabras Claves
Estas palabras te dicen cual tiempo tienes que usar.
Para el Presente Perfecto lasa siguientes palabras son usadas frecuentemente:
just
yet
never
already
ever
so far
up to now
recently
since
for
yet
never
already
ever
so far
up to now
recently
since
for
Formas del Presente Perfecto
El
presente perfecto se forma con have y el past participle
have/has + past participle
Oraciones Afirmativas
I have played football. We have gone to the supermarket.
She has played football. He has gone to the supermarket.
Oraciones Negativas
I have not played football. We have not gone to the supermarket.
She has not played football. He has not gone to the supermarket.
Preguntas
Have you played football? Have they gone to the supermarket?
Has she played football? Has he gone to the supermarket?
Formas Largas del Presente Perfecto y sus contracciones
affirmative
|
|
long form
|
short form
|
I have gone
|
I've gone
|
he has gone
|
he's gone
|
negative (have
not)
|
|
long form
|
short form
|
I have not gone
|
I haven't gone or I've
not
gone
|
he has not gone
|
he hasn't gone or he's
not
gone
|
Past Perfect – Pasado Perfecto
1) Junto con el Pasado Simple
Cuando dos acciones pasadas se combinan la primera
acción; la cual fue completada antes que la segunda comenzara, va en Pasado
Perfecto.
The lesson had
started
when we arrived. After Amy had gone
home it started to rain.
2) El Pasado equivalente del Presente Perfecto
He had played
hockey.
Formas del Pasado Perfecto
El pasado perfecto se forma con had y el past participle
had
+ past
participle
Oraciones Afirmativas
They had gone home She had played hockey
Oraciones Negativas
They had not gone home She had not played hockey
Preguntas
Had they gone home? Had she played hockey?
Formas Largas del Pasado Perfecto y sus contracciones
affirmative
|
|
long form
|
short form
|
I had gone
|
I'd gone
|
negative (had
not)
|
|
long form
|
short form
|
I had not gone
|
I hadn't gone or I'd
not
gone
|
EXERCISES
I. - Fill in the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the Present
Perfect.
Example: I
___________ my father's car. (to wash) Answer: I have washed my father's car.
1.
Karen________________________________ an e-mail. (to send)
2. Dave and Pat __________________________the museum. (to visit)
3. They ________________already___________________ their rucksacks. (to pack)
4. I __________________________________at the pet shop. (to be)
5. Markus _____________________________an accident. (to have)
6. We _______________________________the shopping for our grandma. (to do)
7. I________________________ just_____________________ my bike. (to clean)
8. Emily___________________________________ her room. (to paint)
9. Lisa and Colin____________________________________ to a concert. (to go)
10. My friends____________________________________ smoking. (to give up)
2. Dave and Pat __________________________the museum. (to visit)
3. They ________________already___________________ their rucksacks. (to pack)
4. I __________________________________at the pet shop. (to be)
5. Markus _____________________________an accident. (to have)
6. We _______________________________the shopping for our grandma. (to do)
7. I________________________ just_____________________ my bike. (to clean)
8. Emily___________________________________ her room. (to paint)
9. Lisa and Colin____________________________________ to a concert. (to go)
10. My friends____________________________________ smoking. (to give up)
II. – Put the verbs in the
correct form – past simple or past perfect.
1) By the time it…Stopped…. (stop) raining the
whole village…Had been… (be)
flooded.
2) I eventually ………… (find) my keys which I …………..(leave) on the table in the living room.
3) After I …………….(speak) to the doctor I ………..(feel) much better.
4) I ……….(study) a lot the day before I …………(took) my English 1st Certificate exam.
5) I …………...(finish) tidying up by the time my parents………..(arrive).
6) He…………(was) sure he ………..(see) her somewhere before
7) We……………(was) afraid because we…………….horse riding before.
8) When I……..(spend) a year traveling I…....... (already/complete) my degree at university.
2) I eventually ………… (find) my keys which I …………..(leave) on the table in the living room.
3) After I …………….(speak) to the doctor I ………..(feel) much better.
4) I ……….(study) a lot the day before I …………(took) my English 1st Certificate exam.
5) I …………...(finish) tidying up by the time my parents………..(arrive).
6) He…………(was) sure he ………..(see) her somewhere before
7) We……………(was) afraid because we…………….horse riding before.
8) When I……..(spend) a year traveling I…....... (already/complete) my degree at university.
9) I …………..(eat) such a large breakfast that I only ………….(had) a small lunch .
III. Write sentences in Present Perfect in
affirmative, negative and interrogative form using the verbs in parenthesis.
Alice has showed
her hat.
Alice has not showed her hat.
Alice has not showed her hat.
Has
Alice showed her hat?
a. Sofie (study) so hard for the final exam.
b. We (write) a lot of
beautiful poems.
c. Margaret (travel) to Italy.
d. I (go) to the cinema.
e. They (bring) a lovely dog.
IV. Write sentences
in Past Perfect in affirmative, negative and interrogative form using the verbs
in parenthesis.
Alice had showed
her hat.
Alice had not showed her hat.
Alice had not showed her hat.
Had
Alice showed her hat?
a. Sam (arrive) late to
work.
b. Mark (visit) wonderful cities in Europe.
c. My mother (make) a nice dress for my sister.
d. Clare (invite) her boyfriend to the wedding.
e. Lia (want) to work in the fashion industry.