República
Bolivariana de Venezuela
Ministerio
de la Defensa
Universidad
Nacional Experimental Politécnica de la Fuerza Armada
Básico
de Ingeniería
Inglés
I
Licda.
Julie Landáez
GERUNDIOS E INFINITIVOS
EN INGLÉS
El inglés tiene dos tipos de
sustantivos verbales, el infinitivo (con
o sin "to") y el gerundio (la terminación -ing). La mayoría de los
verbos que toman un sustantivo verbal pueden estar seguidos de uno u otro (un
gerundio o un infinitivo, pero no ambos). Sin embargo, existen determinados
verbos a los que puede seguirle indistintamente un gerundio o un infinitivo.
Cuando un verbo va acompañado
por otro, este segundo puede ir en:
Infinitivo Infinitivo (sin "to")
Agree / Appear / Arrange / Ask / Choose / Claim
/ Decide / Decline / Demand / Fail / Forget / Happen / Hesitate / Hope / Learn
/ Manage / Offer / Plan / Prepare / Pretend / Promise / Refuse / Remember /
Seem / Swear / Threaten
Los siguientes verbos, si van acompañados
por otro, este segundo va en infinitivo:
Ejemplos:
-He
agreed to help me with my homework
-My
brother decided to sell his car
----- El verbo "try"
puede ir seguido de infinitivo o gerundio pero con distinto significado:
-infinitivo: hacer un esfuerzo -- I will try to wash my car before
lunch
-gerundio: probar algo en plan experimento --- I tried calling my girlfriend
with this mobile but it didn't work
Gerundio (ING)
Admit /
Appreciate / Avoid / Consider / Delay / Deny / Detest / Excuse / Finish /
Forgive / Imagine / Keep / Miss / Postpone / Practice / Prevent / Propose/
Regret / Resist / Risk / Stop / Suggest / Understand
Hay una serie de verbos que cuando van
acompañados por otro este segundo va en gerundio:
Ejemplos:
-After
the heart attack my father stopped
smoking
-If
you drive when you are drunk you risk
losing your driving license
También suelen ir seguidos de
gerundios los siguientes verbos:
Like / Dislike / Hate / Love / Enjoy
/ Mind
El verbo "like" puede también ir seguido por un
infinitivo pero el significado es diferente:
-to like + gerundio: disfrutar -- I like playing tennis
-to like + infinitivo: querer hacer algo porque considero
que es positivo --- I
like to do my homework on Saturday mornings
Verbos Auxiliares:
Si los verbos van precedidos de un condicional, se trabajan de
forma infinitiva:
-Would like to… I would like to visit Paris
-Would love to… I would love to go out for dinner tonight!
-Would hate to… I would hate to spend the summer in
Seville
-Would prefer to … I would prefer to
go to the cinema than go to the gym
GERUNDIOS E INFINITIVOS.
EJERCICIOS
1) Choose the correct answer:
1)
I can’t get used to living/live
without a dog.
2)
Would you mind take/taking my mother
to the station?
3)
My father will never get used to hearing/hear
such loud music.
4)
We forgot picking up/to pick up our
friend at the airport.
5)
Alex appears to be/being in love
with Nina.
6)
He wants them swimming/to swim a
lot.
7)
It’s no use knocking/to knock on the
door. Nobody’s home.
8)
Carol is looking forward to hearing/hear
from you.
2) Complete these sentences
with the gerund or to + infinitive of the verbs in brackets.
1)
Are you interested in _____________________ (play) sports?
2)
Would you mind ______________ (open) the window? It’s stuffy in here.
3)
We have decided _____________________ (buy) a new car.
4)
They promised ___________________ (send) us a postcard from Washington.
5)
Do you enjoy __________________ (listen) to music?
6)
She can’t help ____________________ (bite) her nails when she’s nervous.
3) Join these groups of words to make complete sentences. Add words where
necessary.
1)
Paul / denied / robbing / wallet.
2)
We / prefer / singing / dancing.
3)
Mum / taught / me / paint / eight years old.
4)
Where / you / learn / drive /?
4) Fill in the blanks with a gerund or an infinitive, or both where
possible.
1)
We began __________________________ our homework at eight o’clock.
2)
The doctor recommended ____________ every day.
3)
I can’t stand __________________ on buses.
4)
The hotel allows guest _____________ in the underground car park.
5)
The pupils like ___________________ their lessons outside on the grass in the
spring.
6)
Doris loves ___________________ to the beach in the summer.
7)
Because the pupils continued ____________________ a noise, their teacher gave
them more work to do.
8)
His parents permit him ______________________ late at weekends, but not on
school nights.
9)
When will you start ________________ for your exam?
10) The bank advised
____________________ our money into a special account.
5) Translate these sentences into English.
1) Admitió haber
mentido.
2) No te olvides de
pasear al perro después de cenar.
3) Quiero que mis
hijos estudien más.
6) Complete these sentences with the gerund or to +
infinitive of the verbs in brackets. (-ing or infinitive ‘to’).
Example: Tonight I fancy ______going out___ to an expensive
restaurant and then to a jazz club. (go
out)
1. I don’t enjoy ________ computers.
(use)
2. The bank manager absolutely
refused ______________ me any money. (lend)
3. Luis has decided__________ his
Porsche and __________ a Ferrari. (sell / buy)
4. Don’t forget _____________ me
when you get to the hotel. (phone)
5. I love _________ in Spain
now, but I really miss ________ fish and chips out of English newspaper. (live / eat)
6. I gave up _________ and
_________ alcohol last year. I don’t feel any healthier, just depressed. (smoke / drink)
7. Would you like __________ out
for a drink with me next Saturday night? (go)
8. I regret _____________ that
job in Nigeria. (not take)
9. Angeles hates ____________ in
the city. (drive)
10. Why do you keep on
____________ at me like that? (look)
11. If you happen ____________ Ruben,
tell him I’d like __________ with him. (see /
speak)
12. I feel like __________ shopping
and _________all my husband’s money! (go / spend)
7) Complete these sentences with the gerund or to +
infinitive of the verbs in brackets. (-ing or infinitive ‘to’).
1. I remembered (BUY) ............ the
stamp, but I forgot (POST)................. the letter
2. I´m sorry. I didn´t mean (INSULT)
..........................you.
3. I´m sorry I was naughty, mum. I´ll
try (BE) .....................good in the future.
4. She never allows her children (GO
OUT).......................by themselves in the evenings.
5. Let´s stop
(HAVE)............................... a break!
6. Going to the doctor means (WAIT) .........................
for hours.
7. Has it finally stopped (RAIN)..........................?
8. Do you remember
(BREAK).............................your arm when you were small?
9. We don´t allow
(SING)....................and (DANCE)........................ in the pub.
